Thursday, December 26, 2019

How To Use the Spanish Verb Parar

Although the Spanish verb parar is a cognate of the English verb pare, its meaning is far different: It generally means to stop or to halt something or someone, and the words most closely related to parar are usually related to the idea of something being stopped. Parar is conjugated regularly, following the pattern of hablar. Sample Sentences Using Parar Parar can function as either a transitive or intransitive verb. It can be used, respectively, to say that something is being halted or that that someone or something is stopping or that an activity coming to an end. Some examples of parar used transitively: El policà ­a me parà ³ cuando manejaba el auto de mi mamà ¡. (The policeman stopped me when I was driving my mothers car.)En el minuto 11 pararon el partido entre Espaà ±a y Ecuador. (In the 11th minute they halted the match between Spain and Ecuador.)Quieren parar la cosecha para combatir el trabajo infantil. (They want to stop the harvest in order to fight child labor.)Vamos a parar la privatizacià ³n del petrà ³leo. Were going to stop the privatization of oil. In sports usage, intercept can sometimes be a good translation: El portero parà ³ tres penaltis tras la prà ³rroga. (The goalie intercepted three penalty kicks in overtime.) Examples of parar as an intransitive verb: El coche parà ³ en el lado del camino. (The car stopped on the side of the road.)Vamos a parar para rehidratarnos y para descansar. (We are going to stop to rehydrate ourselves and to rest.)Quiero que no pare el concierto. (I hope the concert doesnt end.) The reflexive form pararse can also be used to refer to a person or thing stopping rather than being stopped. Me parà © cuando lleguà © al camino. I stopped when I arrived at the road.No nos vamos a parar a explicaros cà ³mo hacerlo. Were not going to stop to explain to you how to do it. ¿Te paraste a pensar que deberà ­a? Did you stop to think what you should do?Ella se parà ³ frente a mi, sujetando mis hombros. She stopped in front of me, grabbing my shoulders. Using Prepositions With Parar The phrase parar de followed by an infinitive refers to the stopping or quitting of an action: Los Tigres no pararon de festejar en el vestidor. (The Tigers didnt stop celebrating in the locker room.)Hay muchos beneficios de parar de fumar. (There are many benefits to quitting smoking.) The phrase parar en often suggests remaining stationary or staying somewhere: Me parà ³ en la puerta de la habitacià ³n y di un leve toque a la puerta. (I stood at the door of the room and lightly knocked on the door.)Mientras que en una tour de Rumania, paramos en el hotel Wolf en Bran. (While on a tour of Romania, we stayed at the Wolf Hotel in Bran.) The phrase sin parar is very common and refers to something happening nonstop or continuously: Bailamos sin parar en San Isidro lloviera o hiciera sol. (We danced all the time in San Isidro, rain or shine.)Javier comà ­a sin parar con una sonrisa en los labios. (Javier ate nonstop with a smile on his lips.) Words Related to Parar The past participle parado often refers to being unemployed or otherwise idle. As a personality trait, parado can refer to someone being timid; sometimes it is used pejoratively to refer to someone unambitious. In can also refer to someone being taken aback or surprised: Grecia emplearà ¡ temporalmente a 50.000 parados en trabajos para la comunidad. (Greece will temporarily hire 50,000 unemployed people in community jobs.)Mi hijo es muy parado, y por esta causa a mi hija le gusta controlar la situacià ³n. (My son is quite timid, so my daughter likes to control the situation.)Estaba viendo en la televisià ³n como siempre y me encontrà © con algo que me dejà ³ parado. (I was watching the television as always and ran across something that left me stunned.) A parada is a place where vehicles stop to pick up or drop off passengers: La parada de autobuses se encuentra a la salida del aeropuerto. (The bus stop is found at the airports exit.) Key Takeaways Parar is a common verb usually meaning to stop or to halt.Parar can be used transitively (with a direct object) or intransitively (without an object).Sin parar is a common phrase meaning without stopping or continuously.

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Family And My Family - 1010 Words

Families, they might be annoying and overbearing at times, but regardless we love our families just as they love you. It doesn’t matter what color, nationality, differing personality’s or even beliefs. Most can agree that no matter how out of this world your family might be you have something in common with others families maybe even more than you might think. Alice walker’s everyday use is a story about a family whose problem may not that different than most families. Mama and her daughters have an appreciation for their heritage, but they struggle to see each other point of view in â€Å"Everyday use† the fictitious family and my family have some similarities and differences concerning Differing perspective, Hard working parents and issue†¦show more content†¦de says â€Å"I couldn’t bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me† (55) meaning that since it’s not an African origin name and more likely that i t came from white people that she doesn’t want it. whereas her mother tells her that she got it from her aunt Dicie and before that her grandma. I have two middle names Tatyana and niche; I have always hated the name Tatyana and wanted to get it changed. My mother told me no because my aunt had given me that name. Dee believes the things that she learned about heritage means more than mamas knowledge of heritage. Mama â€Å"in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches† (56) meaning that she could have traced it back far, she knew all that she needed about her heritage were as Dee sees her as incompetent because she doesn’t know about her African roots. Personality I connect to this by which Im the nerdy, oddball out my family and sometimes when I talk to people like my siblings or the adults in my family I feel that I’m higher up .In a way when speck sometime I feel like I’m talking to a brick wall. Duri ng an argument Dee and Mama has a disagreement of the quilts should be used. mama says that wants Maggie to have and to use the quilts were as Dee thinks that she should have the quilts and use them as decoration (58). My grandma bought a decorative fan and me and by sisters were arguing on what itShow MoreRelatedMy Family Of The Family1312 Words   |  6 Pages Because my parents’ families are so different, there are few strengths common to all three family sculptures. One strength that applies in most cases is that children near each other in age tend to have close relationships. My family of origin was broken down into pairs: Steven and Daniel, Julia and Michael, Alyssa and Natalie, and Matthew and Emily. All of these paired relationships were generally healthy, and it was within these pairs that we were assigned roles within the family. Because of thisRead MoreMy Family Of The Family1061 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction A person’s family of original is their family he or she grew up in (Welch). This could be a family someone was brought up in or adopted into (Welch). In my case, my family of origin is my family related by blood because I grew up in this household my entire life. There are many types of subfamilies such as single parent families, childless or childfree families, stepfamilies, cohabiting, and same sex families. I was raised in a traditional family and so have all my ancestors tracing backRead MoreMy Family : A Family1205 Words   |  5 PagesMy family comes from a very different background between both my parents. In this family tree summary I will describe how my family emigrated from Ireland in the late 1800s and early 1900s to seek a different lifestyle. My mother and father come from very different backgrounds medically and with very different upbringings. My father, John, side of the family is very different from my mothers. My great great grandparents arrived from Ireland in the late 1800s arriving from Dublin in hope for a brighterRead MoreMy Family Of The Family1594 Words   |  7 PagesOur family of origin plays a large role in socializing us. Specifically, our family of origin â€Å"is the family in which we are raised and socialized to adhere to the customs and norms of the culture in which we live† (Welch, 2012, pg. 6). Who our family members are and how they live their lives influences us, helping to make us into the people we become. I owe a lot to all of my family members and a love them all very much. I grew up in a very family oriented environment which makes me place aRead MoreMy Family : A Family1474 Words   |  6 Pageslearned that my family may not be as dysfunctional as I thought. There are many families out there with crazy combinations of who and what makes up their family. 1/3 of people who married ha ve also been divorced before and people normally repartner within 3-5 years. The United States has one of the highest divorce rates, only Russia has a higher rate. My family is made up of my paternal and maternal biological families, my step father s family and some of my step mother s, along with my adoptive familyRead MoreMy Family : My Own Family Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pages We usually never think that our own family have its own culture. I used to think that a family just does what it supposed to do and that’s exactly what culture is, the way we act, think, feel and even the way we judge is our own culture. Knowing this I decided that the group that I want to describe is my own family. Which consist of four people, two adults and two children. We have the head of our house hold which is my husband, he supports our entire family. He works many hours to be able to supportRead MoreMy Family And The Role Of A Family753 Words   |  4 Pagesin every family have a differen t role to act on. For some families, the roles are equally shared. Every decision they make, they would talk and plan it through with one another. The more traditional family, the male would be in charge of everything since they are consider the â€Å"dominant† one. The male would be the one making the family decision and taking care of the family, while the female would be responsible for the little things such as being the typical role of a wife. In my family, we usedRead MoreFamily Role In My Family1586 Words   |  7 PagesI consider my family to be very small in size on my mom’s side. Yet, my dad’s side is a bit larger. My father and mother never married and I am the only child that they have together. However, both my mom and dad have four kids including myself. I am the youngest on both sides of my family. My siblings on my mom side stayed with other family members and I was the only child who stayed with my mom because she could not afford to take care of us all. Throughout the course of my life, my mom was a singleRead MoreMy Family : A Christian Family1463 Words   |  6 PagesI grew up in Peru in a Christian family, more specifically, an Evangelical one. At first, my family was Catholic however, in the year 2000 we converted to Evangelical. The mom of one of my friends in preschool invited my parents to her church’s anniversary and that is when everything changed for my family. Back then, I was a 6 year old child who did not have an understand of what was happening; all I can remember is my parents taking me and my sisters to the church every Sunday. By seeing old picturesRead MoreMy Family As A Normal Family1357 Words   |  6 Pagesto ask a lot these days, especially after my two children have been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, tends to be: â€Å"What is normal?† Growing up, I would consider my family to be a â€Å"normal family.† I have a mother and father who have been married for 38 years, and a younger brother who is three years and four months younger than I am. We were the typical four-person family with one daughter and one son. My mother considered us the â€Å"perfect family† because she had the best of both worlds

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Myocardial Infarction Secondary to Prolong †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Explanation Myocardial Infarction? Answer: Introducation Myocardial infarction, also known as heart attack is the irreversible death of myocardial cells secondary to prolonged lack of oxygen supply (ischaemia) (Berman et al., 2014). Myocardial infarction often results from imbalanced oxygen supply and demand, which is often as a result of rupturing of a plaque alongside thrombus formation in either coronary artery, leading to an acute reduction in the amount of blood supplied parts of the myocardium. Myocardial infarctions are primarily caused by coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as atherosclerosis (Bullock Hales, 2012). The condition causes hardening of arteries through the deposition of fatty calcified plaques. Heart attacks are typically triggered by a blood clot blocking a coronary artery (McCance Huether, 2014). Risk factors for myocardial infarction may be classified into either nonmodifiable risk factors or modifiable risk factors. Nonmodifiable risk factors include age, sex and family history of chronic heart disease, whereas modifiable ones include smoking and tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, excessive alcohol intake, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle and/or lack of exercise (Mehta, Wei, Wenger, 2015; Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving, 2011). Drawing on the current case study, the patient exhibits some of these signs which include a smoking history, alcohol drinking, obesity and elevated cholesterol le vel. Myocardial infarction is a common condition affecting over half a million Australians. It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality accounting for at least 55,000 cases of heart attack per year, and an average of 9,286 deaths, as per 2012 statistics (Heart Research Australia, 2014). These figures translate to about one heart attack in every ten minutes, and an average of 25 deaths per day attributed to myocardial infarction. The incidence of the condition is claimed to be rising at about 1.98% annually, with an observed significant increase of incidence among those aged 50 to 80 years (Wong et al., 2013). Younger age groups have evidenced stable or increasing Myocardial infarction rates compared to stable or decreasing myocardial infarction rates among older age groups (Nedkoff et al., 2011). Myocardial infarction has an impact on both the patient and the entire family since its consequences are perpetuated through one's entire life, resulting in the need for permanent care. One of the primary impacts on the family is emotional disability by fear of death, disability, and fear of the unknown (Salminen-Tuomaala, stedt-Kurki, Rekiaro, Paavilainen, 2013). Mr. Tupa's wife and children may also experience difficult times as it affects the dynamics of the family by causing feelings of fear, anxiety, and distress after heart attack episodes. The possibility of losing a family member also triggers psychological distress. The patient's wife may have to strain economically so as to sustain the new financial demands. Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms Link to pathophysiology Severe chest pain Severe chest pain presents as the primary symptom of myocardial infarction. The pain is often claimed to radiate to the left shoulder, neck, jaw or arm (Malik Khan, 2013). The pain is typically described as pressure-like, crushing or tight pain which may also radiate to other body parts aforementioned. The pain is as a result of acute blockage of a coronary artery as a result of ruptured plaques in the artery walls. Shortness of breath The heart and lungs have to function in together. Defective heart function often inhibits the transport of blood to tissues. Inadequate oxygen in the system is indicated by shortness of breath as a warning sign. In myocardial infarction, heart muscles are affected hence affected their contraction and as a result, impair blood flow and consequentially the transport of oxygen between lungs and the body. Dyspnoea is attributed to heart muscle damage causing a decline in pump function of the left ventricle, and as a result, left ventricular failure and pulmonary oedema occurs (Senecal, Caldera, Passeri, 2011). Fatigue Fatigue is reported to be a frequent precursor of heart attack (Mosca, Hammond, Mochari-Greenberger, Towfighi, Albert, 2013). Fatigue is evidenced by presentations such as excessive sleep during inappropriate times, reduced participation in social activities, reduced libido and overall slowing down. The involvement of fatigue in myocardial infarction is attributed to early left ventricular dysfunction. The early dysfunction is attributed to chronic heart disease due to the presence of an atrial gallop (Blakeman Booker, 2016). Light-headedness Light-headedness and dizziness are also reported in persons with myocardial infarction and other conditions such as high blood pressure (Jaffe, 2013). These symptoms are an indication of perturbation of spatial orientation and normal perception of balance. Light-headedness and dizziness may be as a result of reduced blood flow to the brain. Nausea, diaphoresis, palpitations, anxiety and vomiting Myocardial infarction episodes are also characterised by excessive sweating, nausea, vomiting, palpitation and anxiety (often felt like an impending doom) These presentations are attributed to the massive surge of adrenalin and noradrenalin from the sympathetic nervous system as a response to the pain and hemodynamic abnormities caused by cardiac dysfunction. Drugs for Myocardial Infarction Drug therapy for myocardial infarction aims at reducing morbidity and preventing complications associated with the condition. myocardial infarction can be treated using vasodilators, thrombolytics, anti-thrombolytics, antiarrhythmics, and analgesics (Lim McKenna, 2012). The current patient has been prescribed with morphine as the analgesic and sublingual glyceryl trinitrate as a nitrodilator. Vasodilators Vasodilators are used to relax smooth muscles of blood vessels hence causing dilation of blood vessels to achieve blood flow at much ease. Dilation of arteries leads to reduced systemic vascular resistance, which results in a drop in arterial blood pressure, whereas dilation of veins decreases venous blood pressure (Klabunde, 2012). There are various mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle relaxation. One of the mechanisms is to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which prevents the interaction of myosin with actin, the second mechanism is to decrease intracellular calcium ions, and the last mechanism is to prevent depolarization of cell membranes of vascular smooth muscles (Katzung, 2012). Vasodilators are classified according to the type of vessel they affect. The basic classification includes arterial dilators, venous dilators, and mixed dilators. Most dilators used are the mixed type since they have a wide spectrum of application. Arterial dilators reduce arterial pressure by reducing systemic vascular resistance, whereas venous dilators are used in dilation of venous capacitance for two primary purposes; a) to reduce preload on the heart and as a result, reduce cardiac output, and 2) decreasing proximal hydrostatic pressure to reduce edema formation (Klabunde, 2012). Mixed dilators on the other end have a balanced effect on both veins and arteries. Thrombolytics These drugs are used to lyse thrombi occurring in the vascular bed, coronary, pulmonary, or cerebral vessels, and in the case of myocardial infarction, lysis of thrombi of the coronary artery. Thrombolytics achieve the mechanism of thrombolysis by activating plasminogen to form plasmin. Plasmin is a proteolytic enzyme that breaks cross-links between fibrin molecules (the primary structural binder of blood clots) (OGara et al., 2013; (Anderson, 2016). Thrombolytics are classified into either urokinase, streptokinase, or tissue plasminogen activator, and they all have the clots dissolution abilities (Klabunde, 2012). Nursing Care Strategies The goals of treatment of a case presenting with myocardial infarction include relieving chest pain, reducing the cardiac workload, stabilizing heart rhythm, revascularization of the coronary artery, and preservation of myocardial tissue (Lippincott, 2012). Nursing management plays a critical role in this management. The following are some of the priority nursing care strategies for the first 24-hours post-emergency department. Administration of antiarrhythmics The first 48 hours are characterised by arrhythmias as the predominant problem (Lippincott, 2012). Management of the same stands out as a nursing priority, and it may require the administration of antiarrhythmic, and ultimately monitoring of the same with a pacemaker. Administration of thrombolytics The entire episode of myocardial infarction is attributed to an involvement of a thrombus. Hence, its management stands out as a nursing priority, and the same should be undertaken as early as possible into the treatment. Early administration of thrombolytics prevents any possibility of reinfarction. Monitoring and assessment of severity, location, duration and type of pain experienced by the patient, followed by the administration of analgesics as prescribed The administration of analgesics is of critical importance in the management of the myocardial infarction event. Pain management is a nursing priority as it helps the patient get relieve from severe pain, and also reduce reaction of the patient to pain in order to reduce patient anxiety. Avoid intramuscular administrations because absorption at the muscles is unpredictable and bleeding may also result if the patient is on thrombolytics. Monitor the patients blood pressure after administration of nitro-glycerine, especially after administration of the initial dose Monitor electrocardiograms before and after the administration of nitro-glycerine, alongside pulmonary artery catheter measurements and blood pressure. Monitor for tachypnoea, oedema, cough and crackles. Monitor these signs of fluid retention, which may be indicative of impending heart failure. In addition, monitor serum enzyme levels, and respirations. Also, perform periodic auscultation for adventitious breath sounds. Administration of clear fluid diets until nausea subsides This will also help maintain adequate hydration, provide the required energy, and also supply some of the required electrolytes (Lippincott, 2012). A low-cholesterol, low sodium, low fat, high fiber diet is recommended. Administration of stool-softener The aim of such is to prevent strain during defecation which leads to vagal stimulation, with the risk of slowing the heart rate (Lippincott, 2012). Provision of emotional support The nurse providing emotional support helps reduce stress and anxiety. It is also advisable to administer tranquilizers if need be. To provide support and show compassion, help the patient understand the position he is in. This can be achieved by explaining the procedures and answering any questions that the patient may pose. Also, explain the intensive care environment to help ease any anxiety. The patient's family has to be involved in the care as much as possible. Social support is essential for the maintenance of physical and psychological health. Nurses are expected to create a healing environment, which also encompasses social support (Huisman, Morales, Hoof, Kort, 2012). References Anderson, J. (2016). ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and complications of myocardial infarction. In L. Goldman, A. Schafer, Goldman's Cecil Medicine (p. 73). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders. Berman, A., Snyder, S. J., Kozier, B., Erb, G. L., Levett-Jones, T., Dwyer, T., Stanley, D. (2014). Kozier Erbs Fundamentals of Nursing Australian Edition - Audry Berman, Shirlee J. Snyder, Barbara Kozier, Glenora Lea Erb, Tracy Levett-Jones, Trudy Dwyer, Majella Hales, Nichole Harvey, Lorna Moxham, Tanya Park, Barbara Parker, Kerry Reid-Searl, David. Pearson Higher Education AU. Bullock, S., Hales, M. (2012). Principles of pathophysiology. Pearson Australia. Farrell, M., Dempsey, J. (2014). Smeltzer and Bares textbook of medical-surgical nursing. Sydney: Wolters Kluwer Health/ Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Heart Research Australia. (2014). Key statistics, 2012(March), 20112012. Huisman, E. R. C. M., Morales, E., Hoof, van J., Kort, H. S. (2012). Healing environment: A review of the impact of physical environmental factors on users. Building Environment. Jarvis, C. (2012.). Physical examination health assessment. Katzung, B. G. (2012). Basic clinical pharmacology. McGraw-Hill Medical. Klabunde, R. E. (2012). Cardiovascular physiology concepts. Lippincott Williams Wilkins/Wolters Kluwer. Lim, A. G., McKenna, L. (2012). Pharmacology for Nursing and Midwifery. Broadway: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Lippincott. (2012). Professional Guide to Diseases. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (2014). Pathophysiology: the biologic basis for disease in adults and children. St. Louis: Elsevier/Mosby. Mehta, P. K., Wei, J., Wenger, N. K. (2015). Ischemic heart disease in women: A focus on risk factors. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, 25(2), 140151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2014.10.005 Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving, B. editors. (2011). Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. Nedkoff, L. J., Briffa, T. G., Preen, D. B., Sanfilippo, F. M., Hung, J., Ridout, S. C., Hobbs, M. (2011). Age- and Sex-Specific Trends in the Incidence of Hospitalized Acute Coronary Syndromes in Western Australia. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 4, 557564. https://doi.org/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.960005 [pii]n10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.960005 Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2016). Registered nurse standards for practice. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, (February), 18. OGara, P. T., Kushner, F. G., Ascheim, D. D., Casey, D. E., Chung, M. K., de Lemos, J. A., CF/AHA Task Force. (2013). 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 127(4), 529555. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182742c84 Salminen-Tuomaala, M. H., stedt-Kurki, P., Rekiaro, M., Paavilainen, E. (2013). Coping with the effects of myocardial infarction from the viewpoint of patients spouses. Journal of Family Nursing, 19(2), 198229. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074840713483922 Tiziani, A. (2013). Harvards nursing guide to drugs. Sydney: Mosby/Elsevier. Wong, C. X., Sun, M. T., Lau, D. H., Brooks, A. G., Sullivan, T., Worthley, M. I., Sanders, P. (2013). Nationwide trends in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in Australia, 1993-2010. The American Journal of Cardiology, 112(2), 16973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.03.014

Monday, December 2, 2019

Social Impact Of The Internet Essays - Internet Culture,

Social Impact Of The Internet Introduction The advent of Internet communication technology is in and of itself, a positive move toward overall global advancement, but the costly social impact is what concerns Lebanese families and sociologists alike. This fear is further amplified by the anticipated social disintegration that may result. The positive aspects of the Internet: As a result of the Internet there is almost nothing that cannot be accomplished from the comfort of one's own home; grocery shopping, buying merchandise, paying bill, researching for term papers and even striking up relationships with people half way across the world. Communication, which once consisted of putting pen to paper, has now been reduced to a few key strokes and a click of a mouse; indeed, people are able to correspond via E-mail faster and easier than traditional mail services could ever hope to offer. The positive aspects of the Internet are immeasurable and go without saying; this paper's focus is on the negative effects of the Internet. The social impact: A. Alienation: Alienation from institutions such as the family, education and places of work may result from the following factors: Lack of face-to-face socialisation is turning into a considerable problem for those who have locked themselves inside the anonymity of their computers. Indeed studies have shown the tendency for people to become significantly stressed, depressed and lonely with each hour spent in the obscure world of Internet chatting. Because there is proof to substantiate the claim that the longer people spend chatting on the Internet the less sociable they become, a considerable amount of further research must be done to determine the extent of damage this has on society. It is clear that even though Internet chat rooms provide much the same interactive approach to socialisation, the social implication is that it gravely lacks the in-person connection required in order for people to develop acceptable social skills. This will also affect negatively the way young teenagers socialise with family members, friends and strangers in society. The reason of this concern is the closely-knit society that we live in; Arab society dictates strong interpersonal relationships whether be it with family members or friends. So as we can see, lack of face to face interaction will result in a fair amount of stress on the fragile Lebanese society, which a large part of it is based on an emotional relationship with each other, and as Patai wrote the Arab nation as an Arab family. B. Loss of own culture: In a critical time where social integration is high on the agenda in post war Lebanon, the Lebanese society is finding itself competing not only with the existing forces of disintegration, but also with a new unanticipated one. The Internet introduces an invasion of western cultures into the homes of unsuspecting parents, which may lead to a loss of one's own culture and adopting a new foreign one. The adoption of a new culture will cause the general public to resist this change, thus the consequences will lead the youth to feel rejected and further amplify the already existing social problem of alienation from society as a whole. This alienation from the Arab culture will lead the youth to strongly get attached to the new culture that they have adopted, which will again translate into a disastrous disintegration. C. Loss of identity: Having mentioned the factors that may lead to alienation and loss of culture, it follows that these factors will also lead to a loss of identity. In a time where national identity plays an important role in the social integration of Lebanon, we cannot afford to let such a new force as the Internet to destroy what we've been trying to build, and there are some results of our efforts, for example, Qanna, Arnoun, and recently Jezzine and the Asian basket ball tournament where Lebanon won. Watching these incidents unfold in front of me, gave me hope for a united Lebanon, since incidents like these were so hard to come by before, now we are seeing more and more social integration between all factions in Lebanon. Seeing all this, and getting a sense of nationalism I also get the shocking news about the Internet and its effects on our society, did you know that 85%

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Circular Reasoning Definition and Examples

Circular Reasoning Definition and Examples In informal logic, circular reasoning  is an argument that commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove. Fallacies closely related to circular reasoning include  begging the question  and petitio principii. The fallacy of the petitio principii, says Madsen Pirie, lies in its dependence on the unestablished conclusion. Its conclusion is used, albeit often in a disguised form, in the premises which support it (How to Win Every Argument: The Use and Abuse of Logic, 2015). Examples and Observations The circular argument uses its own conclusion as one of its stated or unstated premises. Instead of offering proof, it simply asserts the conclusion in another form, thereby inviting the listener to accept it as settled when, in fact, it has not been settled. Because the premise is no different from and therefore as questionable as its conclusion, a circular argument violates the criterion of acceptability. (T. Edward Damer, Attacking Faulty Reasoning. Wadsworth, 2001)Circular argument: A sentence or argument that restates rather than proves. Thus, it goes in a circle: President Reagan was a great communicator because he had the knack of talking effectively to the people. The terms in the beginning of the sentence (great communicator) and the end of the sentence (talking effectively) are interchangeable. (Stephen Reid, The Prentice Hall Guide for College Writers, 5th ed., 2000) Mental Illness and Violent Crimes The assumption that people with mental health issues are violent is deeply entrenched (cleaver-wielding lunatic costumes,  anyone?). It often leads to circular reasoning. How often have you heard people claim that committing a violent crime is proof of mental illness? Only a mentally ill person would kill someone, so anyone who kills someone is automatically mentally ill. Leaving aside the  vast majority of homicides  which aren’t committed by people with mental problems, this isn’t evidence based. (Dean Burnett, Stop Blaming Mental Illness for Violent Crimes. The Guardian [UK], June 21, 2016) Circular Reasoning  in Politics Senator Kent Conrad of North Dakota offers a perfectly circular argument: we cant have the public option, because if we do, health care reform wont get the votes of senators like him. In a 60-vote environment, he says . . ., youve got to attract some Republicans as well as holding virtually all the Democrats together, and that, I dont believe, is possible with a pure public option. (Paul Krugman, Health Care Showdown. The New York Times, June 22, 2009)Ralph Nader and Pat Buchanan are banging at the doors, and the political establishment, consisting of both politicians and the media, seems determined not to let them in on the grounds that they have no public support. This is a circular argument; one of the reasons they have so little support is that they are generally ignored by the press and will most likely be barred from the presidential debates, which require a base support of 15 percent of the electorate. (Lars-Erik Nelson, Party Going. The New York Review of Books, August  10, 2000) Going in Circles Circular reasoning can be used fallaciously . . . in arguments which require the use of premises that can be shown to be better established than the conclusion to be proved. The requirement here is one of evidential priority . . ..  Arguing in a circle  becomes a fallacy of petitio  principii or begging the question where an attempt is made to evade the burden of proving one of the premises of  an argument by basing it on the prior acceptance of the conclusion to be proved. . . . So the fallacy of begging the question is a systematic tactic to evade fulfillment of a legitimate burden of proof . . . by the proponent of an argument in dialogue by using a circular structure of argument to block the further progress of dialogue, and, in particular, to undermine the capability of the respondent, to whom the argument was directed, to ask legitimate critical questions in reply. (Douglas N. Walton, Circular Reasoning.  A Companion to Epistemology, 2nd ed., edited  by  Jonathan Dancy et al. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Japanese World Music Essays

Japanese World Music Essays Japanese World Music Essay Japanese World Music Essay One of the distinguishing features of the Japanese traditions is the way, in which the cultural essentials of an array of domains survive side by side in agreement, wielding a stable influence on the open culture and thus creating a new culture as an effect. Music is no exclusion. Japanese play and listen to a diverse array of genre. These days, Japanese traditional and popular songs are the choices of the majority, not to mention American pop songs and Western classics. Radios and televisions paved the way for (generally) their music to bring it forth to the masses. With the onset of technology (i.e. CD’s and digital download), music became an essential part of the Japanese lives. Furthermore, Japan is s very diverse culture; but with their diversity lies a traditional culture that until now is considered to be an institution in the cultural field. Additionally, art and folk music are the two main types of the conventional Japanese music. The latter ha s numerous different approaches in which each was recognized independently in the different phases of Japanese history. Japanese have continued those customary styles but as time passed, they consequently modified it. Overall, vocal music is far more important than the instrumental music. Moreover, traditional Japanese music repeatedly develops as an element of drama such as Noh, Kabuki, and Bunraku (Hooker, 1999). During the Kamakura Period through the Muromachi Period, a solid development of folk theatrical arts was formed. In 14th century, the Noh drama was created, developed and expanded with its very own music called the Nohgaku; and with the addition of Shimaia dance. The Noh became an elaborately stylized drama and at the same time, became a symbolic performance of which few male actors and some musicians are participating. The major character often puts on a mask which is adequate fro its role. The two elements in Nohgaku are the vocals and instrumentals. The story is conveyed throughout the vocal part by an actor with a back-up of eight male singers. Shomyo or a Buddhist chanting is the inspiration of the vocal part of the drama. It encompasses a singing and speech pattern in a specific and distinct intonation. The singing part is not constantly attended with instruments. The instrumental part is called the Hayashi and is consist of bamboo flute and three drums. The only musical instru ment, the flute, is responsible for creating numerous and short melody patterns. Whereas, the tension of the music is courtesy of the drum artists known as kakegoe; they provide fast and sharp cries to the drama. This drama is greatly supported by the higher military class in Japan but these days; even commoners can enjoy watching the play(Hooker, 1999). The Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573 1603 A.D.), played an important development in the Japanese drama industry because during this time, significant and historical musical instruments were developed. The shamisen was invented during that time. It is a three-stringed balalaika-type guitar. In addition, many other original Japanese instruments achieved enormous popularity during the Edo regime. The shamisen complements two categories of vocal music in Japanese music- these are melodious and narrative singing. In addition, there was an earlier kind of shamisen music that expanded in two diverse directions: Jiuta and Nagauta. The former has been liked as pure music, and thus subsequently had an independent continuation as music itself; meanwhile the latter was produced as accessory for dancing in time-honored Kabuki dramas. Afterwards, Nagauta has come to be participated solely; devoid of any dance form in much the same way as the first drama was played that is supplementary for dancing. Be cause of such, numerous sub-genres of the shamisen music have been developed. On the other hand, the musical score for koto is called Sokyoku. Many of the composers, arrangers, players and transmitters of the Sokyoku are done exclusively by the blind while girls and women in the advanced military and affluent business classes learned it as a component of their cultural schooling, respectively. Furthermore, the Ikuta School and Yamada School were established during the Edo Period. These two schools are believed to be the foremost purveyors of Sokyoku. A sub-genre of a vocal music called the Jiuta, which is actually best played with the shamisen is usually where the Ikuta School derive most of their pieces. Nevertheless, the principal attribute of this school is its stress on instrumental performance disparate the other traditional art music. Still, a singing piece has an autonomous instrumental element which has magnificence as absolute music. On the contrary, the Yamada School puts high emphasis on the vocal requisites rather than the instrumental essentials of the drama. The difference between the styles of the two schools can be characterized in their narrative singing. Both schools incorporate in their repertoires some collections which do not have singing parts(Hooker, 1999). Moreover, the Kabuki is one of the traditional theatrical arts in Japan. Its origin goes back to the concluding part of the 16th century and with widespread and uninterrupted evolution, it has now become a state of faultless classical refinement. Though not as prosperous as it once was, the kabuki drama maintains an extensive reputation among the people and until now draws a large audience. During the Edo Period, kabuki development was at its peak. Differences between the fighting class and the masses were more strictly observed than at any other time in the country’s history. The art of kabuki was developed mostly by the merchants. They had become more and more influential economically, but had to linger social inferiority as they fit in the commoner class. For them, kabuki was possibly the most noteworthy inventive means by which to convey their sentiments under such situations. Thus, the original subjects of most kabuki plays are the disagreement among humanity and the feud alistic system. It is mostly due to this humanistic superiority of the art that it expanded such a lasting recognition among the general community of those days that remained until now. An exceptional quality of the kabuki art, and conceivably the most important and in maintaining with the kabuki spirit of distinctiveness, is the fact that it has no actresses or whatsoever. All the female parts (lead or not) is acted by male impersonators known as onnagata. The actors of the kabuki drama in its primeval phase were chiefly women, and with the growing popularity of kabuki, many of the actresses commenced to draw undue consideration from male admirers. The shogunate felt that this would direct to a serious undermining of the public and in 1629, the theatrical manifestation of women was authoritatively banned. However, since it is an art form that became accepted by the public, men instantaneously took over and until now performs in theaters. The prohibition on actresses was effective f or more than 250 years. In the intervening time, kabuki brought to flawlessness the art of the onnagata. As a consequence, there was no room left for actresses in the drama when the ban was lifted. Furthermore, the art of onnagata had developed into such an essential part of kabuki that, if dispossessed of this element, the established quality of kabuki could be misplaced forever. Another central trait of kabuki is that it is a comprehensive and accumulative theater. Another area which inspired the Kabuki is the puppet theater or the bunraku. Another important note on Kabuki is that, its emphasis is placed on the actor rather than the art itself. When it was established in 16th century, it integrated parts of all the previous theater varieties of Japan. Noh and Kyogen performances were just some of the traditional arts that inspired Kabuki. Until Kabuki, Japanese had never seen plays of such color, glamour, animation and general uniqueness. In these traits, perhaps no theater in a d ifferent place in the world can outshine the kabuki drama (The International Society for Educational Information, 2008). As time progressed, the Japanese became aware of other types of music and thus now, enjoy a variety of popular music. Beside Japanese popular music, they also favor American jazz, French chansons; Latin music and canzone from Italy. In modern times; rock, soul, and folk music from the West became increasingly popular, particularly among the younger age group. Hit numbers and songs are televised frequently on radio and television. In addition, pop music is relentlessly performed live and is now digitally available. Kayo kyoku- an innovative Japanese popular music receives the biggest support from the public. Japanese people not only enjoy listening to it via live concerts and on any other media but also, they sing along with it to recorded accompaniment in bars or in their homes.   There are still many musicians and artists (i.e. Miki Minoru and Ishii) that are responsible for the upholding and expansion of their music in its classical structure. They are enthusiastically working on fashionable compositions in the established styles. The past years saw a growing interest by the younger generation in koto and shakuhachi. In addition, countless brilliant composers are trying to combine Japanese traditional outlines and the Western style. One group that is obviously enthusiastic to refining new Japanese music contained by its classical tradition is the Ensemble Nipponica which was founded in 1964; it is comprised of notable soloists and composers(Hooker, 1999). With the onset of modernization and preferences, it is quite inevitable for Japan to be left behind. With this in mind, there had been many groups that were formed to continue the Japanese legacy of their traditional music culture but with a twist of something modern. The rise of the Yoshida Brothers across the globe proves that even in this pop-filled world, there are still some people who recognize and appreciate a classic. Their music originates from Japanese traditional music but with a twist. The duo has a flare for the dramatics appearing in kimonos and hakama pants and is masters of shamisen. Their forte is the Tsugaru-Shamisen which is a musical style that is native to northern Japan. From the traditional music through the jazz realm and rock and roll, their style of playing the instrument pushes its possibilities but in the end, they are still able to bring good music for their fans. The Yoshida Brothers take stylistic risks with the restrictions of the tradition that they a cquired. These gambles pays off substantially on their songs; in which instruments like piano, violin and the tin whistle supply burly counterpoints to the shamisen. Despite their affinity for experimentation, their music is obviously profoundly rooted in Japan’s interesting traditions(Bryne, 2004). On the other hand, there had been musical revolutions ongoing in Japan and some of the purveyors of such act are L’Arc-en-Ciel and Home Made Kazoku. L’Arc-en-Ciel is not a â€Å"visual-kei† band but a Japanese rock band. They were prominently associated with the glamorous visual-kei scene in 1991- the year in which they were founded. Two years later, they release their album entitled Dune under an independent label. Their line up continually changes throughout the year. In 2004, they had their American debut in Baltimore. Their song â€Å"The Fourth Avenue Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬  became one of the official soundtracks to a Japanese samurai anime Rurouni Kenshin(McClur e, 2005). Moreover, Home Made Kazoku was formed in 1996 consisting of three members. In 2004, they participated in the Japan Club Tour and gained a massive following. Just like the aforementioned band, one of their songs also became a soundtrack for the anime Bleach and Naruto: Shippuden(McClure, 2005). The Japanese musical styles have evolved through time. Their contribution is known not only in their country but also throughout the world. And, just like the Japanese that they are, they are able to cope with drastic inevitable change that later enhances their already good status which are very evident in the kind of music that are highly appreciated in Japan nowadays. L’Arc-en-Ciel is not a â€Å"visual-kei† band. Repeat – not a â€Å"visual-kei† band. Not at all. Just a straightahead rock band. That message bears repeating because the band vehemently objects to being tagged with the visual-kei label, so much so that they once walked off the stage during a TV broadcast when the MC had the temerity to use the dreaded â€Å"V† word when introducing L’Arc-en-Ciel. The band’s management also demands apologies from journalists who dare to describe L’Arc-en-Ciel as visual-kei. L’Arc-en-Ciel were in fact identified with the whole decadent/glam visual-kei scene when the band was formed in Osaka in 1991 by vocalist Hyde, guitarist Hiro, bassist Tetsu and drummer Pero. The band’s name, by the way, means â€Å"rainbow,† in French, reflecting the visual-kei scene’s fascination with things Gallic, which they associate with fin-de-siecle decadence. L’Arc-en-Ciel’s fans, however, refer to the band simply as â€Å"Laruku.† After gigging extensively throughout western Japan, L’Arc-en-Ciel released their first album, Dune on an independent label in 1993, and their first single, â€Å"Blurry Eyes,† in October 1994. They soon became one of Japan’s biggest rock acts and continue to sell truckloads of CDs. L’Arc-en-Ciel’s lineup has changed over the years, starting with the replacement of guitarist Hiro by Ken (the band doesn’t seem to go in for surnames much). And at the beginning of 1998, then-drummer Sakura left the band after

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Employment Law - Essay Example These changes will have a great impact in the operations of human resource departments in organization. It is therefore critical that firms and organizations should acquaint themselves with the provisions of the spirit as the stipulations imply to avoid litigation. Sexual discrimination is one of the institutionalized vices that has dogged the working place. However, with the passing of the anti sex discrimination statute, the situation has since changed. According to the statute, no employee should be subjected to unfair treatment. Even in the case of a male employee, the statute outlines the course of action to be taken. The statute stipulates that no employee would be granted special attention in terms of sex. The exception comes in the case of women in view of pregnancy and childbirth. A case example of the anti sex discrimination state is the case of Eversheds who appealed to the Employment Appeal Tribunal where he was awarded 100,000 pounds in compensation. The case of Evershed s was that his employer exhibited unfair favoritism towards female employees which worked against him. Under the Agency Workers Regulations 2010, an agency worker is obliged to offer services to the agency, but whose services benefit a third party firm which has a contract with the agency. The definition of agency worker has been subject to intense debate and academic authorities are divided on which particular cadre of agency staff qualifies to be considered under this statute (Howard 2011). He further argues that such a definition as provided for in the statute may as well include workers who are providing services under a master services agreement such as cleaners. Another stipulation which protects the right of the employee is the TUPE regulation. Under the regulation, an employee working for a business or other premises is protected by law from unfair dismissals even on acquisitions. Under the stipulations, an employee can only be dismissed under technical or economical conditi ons. A case example of this stipulation was the Spaceright Europe Ltd v Baillavoine & Anor. Mr. Baillvoine was wrongfully dismissed from work and he was subsequently compensated. The question of who is actually an agency worker is debatable. Before arriving at a conclusion that one is an agency worker, considerations should be made in reference to the working arrangements. There are avenues for shortchanging the system through the use of umbrella corporate bodies to act for and on behalf of the hirer (Harvard Law Review, 2012). In this scenario, the umbrella corporate handles all the human resource issues fro other companies including paying dues. One of the rights that apply ab initio is the right to be given access to the same collective facilities as comparable employees or workers of the hirer. The implication of this right is that the hirer has to ensure that the agency works have equal access to the company’s resources as the permanent staff. Significantly, this will me an that the Human Resource department will have to put in place mechanisms that identify all the workers of the company including agency workers on an equal basis. The other right that applies right from the start of the workers’ assignment is the right to be informed of any arising vacancies by the hirer as comparable staff would be informed. This means that the employees are under legal obligation